Beyond voluntary consent: Hans Jonas on the moral requirements of human experimentation.

Beyond voluntary consent: Hans Jonas on the moral requirements of human experimentation.

In his essay, Philosophical Reflections on Experimenting with Human Subjects, Hans Jonas contends that except in cases of widespread medical emergencies, people do not have a moral or social obligation to volunteer to be subjects in medical experiments. He further argues that any appeal for volunteer subjects in medical experiments should whenever possible give priority to those who can identif...

Proxy consent to human experimentation.

Human Experimentation: Ethics in the Consent Situation

The coupling of the art of healing with the method of scientific investigation for medical research in human beings causes many profound questions to leap into the minds of those whose consciences have been shaped within democratic and religious institutions. Many medical investigators who have carried out research in human subjects have attempted to describe the professional-ethical conditions...

Beyond the informed consent procedure: continuing consent in human research.

An ethnographic field study about informed consent in hepatitis C clinical trials provides insight into how changes in protocol requirements and patient health status triggered the actions and decisions of researchers and human subjects during the conduct of these trials. U.S. federal guidelines recommend that informed consent should be conceptualized as more than a one-time event. Rather, a pr...

The concept of voluntary consent.

Our primary focus is on analysis of the concept of voluntariness, with a secondary focus on the implications of our analysis for the concept and the requirements of voluntary informed consent. We propose that two necessary and jointly sufficient conditions must be satisfied for an action to be voluntary: intentionality, and substantial freedom from controlling influences. We reject authenticity...